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HTML-Glossary
© 1998, 1999 by Arden Schaeffer, 1932-2032?, author & webster
Edition of 1999 March 20
At URL
http://users.lmi.net/arden/in.english/informatics/html/html-glossary.html
Links | Table of Contents | Title | Other pages | Other sites |
Table of Contents
| #
A | B |
C | D | E | F |
G | H | I | J |
K | L | M | N |
O | P | Q | R |
S | T | U | V |
W | X | Y | Z |
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Numeric Section
Section A
Section B
Section C
- colors, browser-safe, in HTML: See HTML-colors,browser-safe
- container: Containers contain what is called an element; function just as do parentheses in mathematics, symbolic logic, and linguistics; containers have the form <tag>content</tag>; and, unlike singleton tags, containers require all three of the following components:
- a start tag, to introduce the element;
- the content of the element;
- an end tag, to terminate the element. The end tag is always introduced by a forward slash (/) immediately following the beginning angle-bracket, and is followed by the first word of the start-tag; so, after a start-tag <*>, </*> means 'end*'; the tag should NEVER be minimized by the omission of the end-tag; for why, see minimization.
.Some containers are mandatory; others are optional.
For now, see HTML-Tags.html#containers. | HTML-Curriculum | Links |
- CSS
- CSS stands for 'Cascading Style Sheets'
- it was invented by Håkon Wium Lie, whose first name is pronounced /hawkon/ and rhymes approximately with "how come".
- it makes mouseover handlers in DHTML
- it is very lean, spare, and economical, and therefore most elegant.
- Dan Austin is an authority on it in the San Francisco Bay Area.
- CSS-bibliography recommended by Dan Austin:
- Professional style sheets for HTML and XML, by Frank Boumphrey.
- A quick reference to CSS, published by Que.
- Links
- | | Links |
Section D
- dead link: Hyperlinks are either live or dead. A dead links connects to nothing except in the imagination of its author, so it doesn't work, and clicking on it produces no effect. | Links |
- destinationA destination may be local (that is, present) or remote (that is, not present). See destination name | Links |
- destination name: in a hyperLink tag, a destination name is the name of either a folder or a document, preceded by as much of the search path thereto as may be necessary; and if the destination is in a remote site (that is, in a site that is not present), then the entire search path must be specified. | Links |
- DHTML: DHTML stands for | Dynamic HTML. | Links |
- Dynamic HTML: Dynamic HTML (DHTML) is a standard, new in 1998/09, with additions to the previous HTML 3.2 that give you control over the look of your page.
- Style Sheets allow definition of different styles for text (color, margin size, fonts).
- Content Positioning allows determining where elements of the page appear in the browser window.
- Downloadable fonts guarantee that the font in which you set text will be used even if that font is not available on the client machine.
- In DHTML, scripts can be used to alter the content of a page; for example, changes can be made based on the particular browser being used.
- See HTML | CSS | Links
- | | Links |
Section E
Section F
Section G
Section H
- head: The content of the <head></head> element is not rendered; that is, the browser does not display it; it's invisible and transparent to the visitor. | | Links |
- HREF: HREF in a hyperLink's start-tag such as <A HREF = "[destinationName#anchorName]"> means 'hypertextReference' and refers the visitor's browser elsewhere. | Links |
- HTML: HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language, a subset of SGML, which was intended to be uniform and cross-platform compatible before Microsoft's Internet Explorer broke Microsoft's agreement to observe the HTML standards of uniformity (but in November of 1998 the US Department of Justice gave the Evil Empire ninety days in which to amend this deplorable state of affairs). | HTML-Curriculum | More Links |
- HTML-colors, browser-safe HTML-colors, browser-safe: 256 Mac named browser-safe color codes in hex are pairs of the chars FC963 and include:
<BODY BGCOLOR = "AQUA">
<BODY BGCOLOR = "BLACK">
<BODY BGCOLOR = "BLUE">
<BODY BGCOLOR = "CYAN">
<BODY BGCOLOR = "FUCHSIA">
<BODY BGCOLOR = "LIME">
<BODY BGCOLOR = "MAGENTA">
<BODY BGCOLOR = "RED">
<BODY BGCOLOR = "WHITE">
<BODY BGCOLOR = "YELLOW">
Lynda Weinman describes them in her book that George Woolley has.
- HTML-site: HTML-site: www.howstuffworks.com
- HTML-tables: HTML-tables: e.g.: <table border width = "100%">
- hyperLink:
In HTML, a hyperLink is a pair of container tags which contain clickable hypertext called a label.
Hyperlinks are either live or dead.
For hyperLink tag templates, go to HTML-Tags.html#hyperLink tags and View Document Source code.
See HTML-Curriculum | More Links |
- hypertext | Hypertext is clickable hyperLinked text which, when clicked on, cross-refers the reader to related text that's situated elsewhere in either the same or a different document, just as Ted Nelson described it in the 1960s in his twin books "Computer Liberation" and "The Dream Machine"; but avoid Jacques Derrida's long treatise on hypertext which is full of his complex and convoluted and totally opaque cerebrations and lucubrations and rationcinations that try but fail to explain in French what Ted Nelson says clearly and lucidly in English. See HTML. | HTML-Curriculum | More Links |
- | | Links |
Section I
Section J
Section K
Section L
- label: in a hyperLink tag, and in a named anchor tag, the label is the visible, colored, underlined, and clickable hypertext that appears between the start-tag and the end-tag, thus: <A HREF = "">label</A> and <A NAME="">label</A>. Links |
- language: A language:
A language is a code of symbols. (A language is a dialect with an army.)
Some languages, including markup languages, exist for the purpose of issuing commands to electronic computers. | HTML-Curriculum | More Links |
- list item: The <LI> list item singleton tag is embedded within ordered or unordered list containers, thus:
<OL> begin ordered list container tag
- list item (<LI> singleton tag, which the browser numbers automatically in the display)
- list item (<LI> singleton tag, which the browser numbers automatically in the display)
</OL> end ordered list container tag
<UL> begin unordered list container tag
- list item (<LI> singleton tag, which the browser bulletizes automatically in the display)
- list item (<LI> singleton tag, which the browser bulletizes automatically in the display)
</UL> end unordered list container tag
See nesting of elements | Links |
- live link: Some hyperlinks are dead; others are live, and, by definition, work properly.
Every live link has at its point of origin or departure a pair of container tags that contain between themselves a label of clickable hypertext; and the start-tag contains either a destination-name, or an anchor name introduced by a hash-mark #, or both, thus:<A HREF = "destinationName#anchor name">label</A>
A destination may be local or remote (that is, respectively, present or not present); and
a link may be either absolute or relative.
To refer to a destination, one should use the appropriate <A HREF link.
Links
- local (that is, present): A local link to a word or phrase contained within a named anchor refers the browser to a destination-point on the local (that is, present) page (the same page as the HREF link), and the HREF tag of that link must:
- insert a hash-mark # to introduce an anchor name;
- specify the anchor name after the hash-mark #;
- have the form:
<A HREF = "#anchor name">label</A>
For example, these links go back up this page to live links hyperLink | container | Table of Contents | Title
or down to nesting of elements | remote links | Singleton tags | Links.
- | | Links |
Section M
- mailto: mailto: the scheme for sending e-mail:
- mandatory containers | mandatory containers include:
<HTML>HyperText Markup Language</HTML>
<HTML> starts (introduces) the declaration of the language in which the page is written; and the declaration is ended (terminated) at the bottom of the page by </HTML>
<HEAD>invisible header of the page</HEAD>
<TITLE> starts (introduces) the header of the page, most of which is invisible to the human visitor or reader; and </TITLE> ends (terminates) it.
<TITLE>bookmark-title</TITLE>
<TITLE> starts (introduces) the bookmark-title which appears at the end of the URL in the Location field, but which the human visitor or reader does not see elsewhere in the body of the page proper; and </TITLE> ends (terminates) it.
<BODY>visible body of the page</BODY>
<TITLE> starts (introduces) the visible body of the page proper, which the human visitor or reader seesr; and </TITLE> ends (terminates) it.
See optional containers | containers | Links |
- margins: Netscape Navigator does not recognize margin tags; so, to shift text rightward of a vertical edge or border graphic, use use the tags
<BLOCKQUOTE>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
or
<UL TYPE=DISC>
<LI>
</UL>
or, if necessary,
<BLOCKQUOTE><BLOCKQUOTE>
</BLOCKQUOTE></BLOCKQUOTE>
or
<BLOCKQUOTE><UL TYPE=DISC>
<LI>
</UL></BLOCKQUOTE>.
| Links |
- markup: Markup is a set of coded commands called tags, describing logic and style for authors, and formatting and layout for printers, that editors inscribed, once upon a time, long ago and far away, in red ink with a stylus upon a sheet of papyrus that formed part of what was then called a manuscript (MS; plural MSS), and gave the MS which they had marked up (whence the term markup) to authors for revision, then to printers who printed them and gave the printout to proofreaders who marked up the printout with tags in red ink that indicated how the printers were to correct the errors that appeared in the printout; and that websters now insert into documents that they write in a markup language to create hypertext with hyperLinks so that when Web browsers see the HTML tags, non-Microsoft browsers will know how to lay out and format the document for the inspection of human readers, and Microsoft's browers will know how to mess it up. | HTML-Curriculum | More Links |
- | | Links |
- markup language: See | markup | language | HTML | DHTML | VRML | XML | Links |
- minimization: To minimize the tag of an element is to omit its end-tag, or its ending character such as the semicolon. NEVER do this. You may think that you can get away with indulging your laziness thus, and for a time it may appear that you are indeed getting away with it; but there will ALWAYS come a time when it will return and bite you, so NEVER minimize a tag. So say Dan Meriwether, Dan Austin, Arden, and all other enlightened beings on this planet and on others. | Links |
- Myrmidon: Myrmidon from Terry Morse is an HTML reformatter program. | Links |
- | | Links |
Section N
Section O
Section P
Section Q
Section R
Section S
- scheme: scheme: See /informatics.html#scheme
- search path | search path: Lazy author (Arden Schaeffer, this means you), define this term. | Links |
- SGML: HTML was derived from SGML. | Links |
- SHTML: SHTML stands for Secure HTML. | Links |
- singleton tag: Singleton tags are optional; unlike containers, they can stand alone, and require no end-tag to terminate them; they include:
<BR> (Line-)Break: <BR> produces the effect of a single return character.
<HR> Horizontal Rule: <HR> draws a line, called an Horizontal Rule, across the page, as at the top of this page before the Table of Contents.
<LI> • List item
<META> tags go into the header just after the end-tag </TITLE>
<META NAME="title" CONTENT="[Ttitle of 1 to 5 of the most descriptive words]">
<META NAME="description" CONTENT="[Subtitle of 200 chars max]">
<META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="[List of 1000 chars max; space may but need not follow commas]">
<P> Paragraph(-break), ¶: <P> produces a paragraph-break (¶); i.e., a double line-break (return & return); however, be advised that the W3C has just deprecated the use of this tag as a singleton, and is making it a container in XML where it will be absolutely forbidden to minimize it.
See container } Curriculum | Links |
- | | Links |
Section T
Section U
- uploading: To upload something is to put it up onto the Internet;
that something can be:
- an outgoing e-mail message
- a Web-page that you've written
To upload a page onto your Web-site, use an FTP program.
- | | Links |
Section V
Section W
Section X
- | | Links |
- XHTML: XHTML stands for 'Extensible HTML', and served as the point of departure for XML, says George Woolley.
- XML: XML: Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a non-proprietary standard Markup Language that enables Web pages to extract and update information from files such as databases, and to better process e-commerce data, and exchange data between apps; it was adopted by the W3C in 1999/02ish to replace HTML; see NetProfessional (NP) Vol 2 issue 01 July/August 1998 pp 48-53 article "Getting Started with XML" by Terje Norderhaug, edited by Avi Rappoport. | Links |
- | | Links |
Section Y
Section Z
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